Contents

Unit-1                                                                                                                                    9
What is Religion?

Definition of Philosophy of Religion
Nature of Philosophy of Religion and its distinction from theology
Scope or Subject-Matter of the Philosophy of Religion
Method of studying Philosophy of Religion
Aim of Philosophy of Religion
Utility of the Study of Philosophy of Religion Is Philosophy of Religion Possible?
Relation between Philosophy and Religion
Philosophy of Religion and Its Relation to Religion
Distinction and Relationship between Philosophy of Religion and
Theology
Philosophy of Religion and Philosophy

 Mysticism in Philosophy of Religion
Questions
Unit-II                                                                                                                                     55
Proofs for the existence of God
Ontological argument: A Comprehensive Exploration
St. Anselm's Ontological Argument: An Evaluation
Ontological argument of Descartes
Cosmological Argument
Cosmological argument: An In-Depth Exploration
Design argument or teleological argument
William Paley's analogy of watch
Moral Argument
Questions
Unit-III                                                                                                                                    97
The Concept of Reason: A Comprehensive Understanding
The Role of Reason in Religion
Faith
Nature of Faith
Differences between Faith and Reason
Tillich's Conception of Faith as Ultimate Concern 

Value of faith
Differences between Faith and Belief
Revelation in Religion and Theology
Idea of the Holy
"Numen" and the “Numinous”
The Experience of the Numinous: Rudolf Otto's Concept of
Mysteram Tremendum
The Mysterium Tremendum Three Elements of "Tremendum"
Immortality of the Soul
The Concept of Miracle in Philosophy of Religion
The Concept of Incarnation in the Philosophy of Religion 

Questions
Unit-IV                                                                                                                                             151
Deism: A Rational Faith in a Supreme Creator

Nature and Scope of Deism
Deism: Origins and Development
Pandeism, Panendeism, and Polydeism: Variants of Deism
Deism: A Rational Belief in a Non-Interventionist Creator
Pantheism: God as the Universe 

Development of Pantheism 

Nature and Significance of Pantheism

Is Pantheism Atheism? 

Is Pantheism a Religion? 

The Historical Roots of Pantheism 

Types of Pantheism 

Pantheism and Nature Panentheism 

History of Panentheism 

Panentheism in philosophy 

Questions
Unit-V                                                                                                                                              193
Logical Positivism as an Anti-Religious Theory 

Core Tenets of Logical Positivism and Its Application to Religion 

Logical Positivism Applied to Religion 

Criticisms of Logical Positivism's View on Religion 

Marxism as an anti-religious theory 

Freedom of will and Its Ethical Significance 

Freedom and Self-determinism 

Freedom, Determinism, and Ethical Responsibility 

Arguments in favour of determinism 

Criticism of Determinism 

Freedom and Indeterminism: A Critical Distinction 

Freedom, Determinisın, and the Indeterminist View 

Questions
Bibliography                                                                                                                                      220